Where do molecules store the genetic information of a cell?

The correct choice, DNA, is fundamental to cellular genetics because it serves as the primary molecule responsible for storing and transmitting the genetic information necessary for the growth, development, and functioning of all living organisms. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) consists of two long strands forming a double helix, with sequences of nucleotides that encode the instructions for building proteins and regulating cellular processes.

In eukaryotic cells, DNA is organized into structures known as chromosomes, which are made up of tightly coiled DNA and associated proteins. While chromosomes are essential for the storage and organization of DNA, the question specifies the molecule that directly houses the genetic information, making DNA the central focus.

RNA (ribonucleic acid), while also important in the process of translating genetic information into proteins, mainly serves as a messenger or intermediary in this process rather than a storage molecule. Proteins, on the other hand, are the end products of the genetic information encapsulated in DNA and carry out various functions within the cell, but they do not store genetic data.

Thus, the role of DNA as the fundamental storage unit of genetic information makes it the clear and correct answer to the question.